MAY 13, 2018


NEWS AND VIEWS


I’M NOT A CATHOLIC, BUT THIS POPE IS REALLY EXTRAORDINARY. HE’S TOTALLY HUMAN AND INDIVIDUALISTIC IN HIS ORIENTATION, RATHER THAN TO DOGMA OR RIGID OBEDIENCE TO RULES. THAT’S WHY SOME OF HIS PEOPLE DON’T LIKE HIM MUCH. HE’S OPEN. HE’S SPEAKING TO EACH PERSON IN HIS AUDIENCE RATHER THAN TO A HUGE AUDIENCE IN AN AUDITORIUM. THAT MAKES THIS INTERVIEW HIGHLY UNUSUAL. WATCH IT CLOSELY IN A RELAXED SETTING. IT’S NOT IN ENGLISH, BUT THERE ARE SUBTITLES. ENJOY!

https://www.cbsnews.com/news/pope-francis-shares-candid-thoughts-in-new-documentary/
Pope Francis shares candid thoughts in new documentary
"Pope Francis -- A Man of His Word" shows the pontiff in a revealing interview, speaking without notes. 60 Minutes meets the man who made the film
May 13, 2018
BY Jon Wertheim

A German experimental filmmaker -- and a lapsed Catholic at that -- is hardly the conventional choice for the Vatican to hand-pick as the pope's documentarian. But Pope Francis has, you might say, excommunicated convention. Five years on the job, the 266th pope is both uncommonly popular and uncommonly polarizing. He's taken on sweeping global issue -- climate change, poverty, immigration -- though some believe it's come at the expense of more traditional Catholic concerns. This plays out in a film being released this week directed by the auteur Wim Wenders. We got an early look at the film, titled "Pope Francis -- A Man of his Word," and can report that it's an intimate portrait of a new kind of pope. We usually voice-over foreign language speakers, but decided to keep the film's subtitles and musical score so you can hear the pope in his native tongue, and at his natural pace, as he gives new zest to the word "pontificate."

pope-2.jpg
A scene from Pope Francis -- A Man of His Word FOCUS FEATURES LLC
Pope Francis (Spanish with English subtitles): The world today is mostly deaf. And I think that among ourselves, the priests, there are many deaf ones. I'm talking about getting involved in people's lives, I Am talking about closeness. Talk little, listen a lot, say just enough, and always look people in the eye.

It was Pope Francis himself who both greenlit this film and agreed to be the star. In a series of interviews -- unprecedented in length and scope -- he spoke spontaneously on matters both spiritual and material. Entirely without notes, and largely without filter.

Pope Francis (Spanish with English subtitles): The way to escape consumerism, this corruption, this competitiveness, this being enslaved to money, is the concreteness of day-to-day work, is tangible reality!

"He didn't want to have anybody else around. There was no makeup, there was no wardrobe, there was no props. He came, and we started to shoot."
For this most unusual documentary, the Vatican didn't go in-house, it went 'art house.' Wim Wenders' eclectic body of work includes "Buena Vista Social Club," an infectious documentary about a group of aging Cuban musicians. And "Wings of Desire," a fantasy feature about angels keeping watch over Berlin, Wenders' longtime home. A top Vatican official, who just happened to be a movie buff, had the idea of commissioning Wenders to make his next film with the sitting pope.

Wim Wenders: I thought it was more intimidating than flattering.

Jon Wertheim: You did?

Wim Wenders: And you have carte blanche.

Jon Wertheim: Carte blanche?

Wim Wenders: Carte blanche. And you can even write the concept yourself with the Pope, because I'm not interested in a biography of the man. He's too interesting for that. I really want the film to be about what he stands for. And that he can only represent himself. So I really wanna make a film with him. I realize it was gonna be one of a kind. But also, sleepless nights.

pope-3.jpg
Wim Wenders with contributor Jon Wertheim CBS NEWS
From those first plumes of smoke in 2013, signifying Francis' papacy, Vatican cameras began chronicling the pope's every move.

Pope Francis on balcony (Spanish with English subtitles): "Good evening!"

Wenders was granted access not just to Francis, but to an extraordinary video library. He was able to combine his interviews with rare Vatican television footage. He oversaw months of editing, and added his own cinematic touches and writing, which he narrated himself.

Wim Wenders voiceover: Yes, here we are, all of us, with great expectations of the first pope from the Americas, the first from the Southern Hemisphere, the first Jesuit, but most of all, the first pope ever to choose the name of Francis.

Wim Wenders: Saint Francis stands for a lot. He stands for quite a radical solidarity with the poor. He stands for a whole new relation to nature. So to take this name was daring.

Saint Francis of Assisi is the patron saint of the environment. To honor his namesake, Pope Francis devoted his 2015 Encyclical -- a 184-page letter to the church faithful -- to the technology, science and data behind climate change. This pope speaks openly of evolution, and says, quote, "The biblical story of creation is a mythical form of expression." He likens the neglect of the Earth to the neglect of the poor.

Pope Francis (Spanish with English subtitles): They go together. And if today you ask me: for you, who is the poorest of the poorest of the poor, I would say: Mother Earth! We have plundered her! We have abused her!

The film depicts the extent of that abuse. Pope Francis punctuates it with a direct and unmistakable message.

Pope Francis (Spanish with English subtitles): And we are all responsible! No one can say: "I have nothing to do with this."

Francis was elevated to his position when his predecessor, Pope Benedict, became the first pope in 600 years to resign, citing declining health. Now 81, Pope Francis has appealed personally to hundreds of millions in dozens of countries. He often balances gravity with levity, as he did during this trip to Philadelphia, where he visited a prison, and spoke at a conference celebrating the family.

Pope and interpreter: Families have difficulties. Families, we quarrel. Sometimes plates can fly. (laugh) And children bring headaches. (laugh) I won't speak about mothers-in-law. (laugh)

Pope Francis (Spanish with English subtitles): We live with the accelerator down from morning to night. This ruins mental health, spiritual health, and physical health. More so: it affects and destroys the family, and therefore society. "On the seventh day, He rested." What the Jews followed and still observe, was to consider the Sabbath as holy. On Saturday you rest. One day of the week, that's the least! Out of gratitude, to worship God, to spend time with the family, to play, to do all these things. We are not machines!

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Contributor Jon Wertheim watches Pope Francis — A Man of His Word with filmmaker Wim Wenders CBS NEWS
Jon Wertheim: Did he realize how intimate this was gonna look?

Wim Wenders: Oh yes.

Jon Wertheim: He's staring right at you.

Wim Wenders: He understood this whole system really well and stuck to it, and did it perfectly.

The "system" – first developed by the documentarian Errol Morris – entailed projecting Wenders' face on a screen in front of the lens, so the pope could look the director face-to-face as they spoke. Wenders took us into his edit room to show us some behind-the-scenes footage.

Wim Wenders: He didn't want to have anybody else around. There was no makeup, there was no wardrobe, there was no props. He came, and we started to shoot.

Jon Wertheim: No, no trailer.

Wim Wenders: No trailer, no. (laughs)

Jon Wertheim: The easiest subject you're ever gonna work with.

"I can say one thing: he is the most fearless man I ever met."
Wenders interviewed the pope four times for more than eight hours total. They both agreed this spot in the Vatican gardens was their favorite setting. But it didn't come without challenges.

Wim Wenders: And now you already hear the bloody parrots.

Jon Wertheim: Were you warned that the Vatican's parrots might interrupt the shoot?

Wim Wenders: No, even the Vatican itself didn't know that they had these…

Jon Wertheim: They didn't know?

Wim Wenders: …birds that were really loud.

Jon Wertheim: Was this project top secret? Did people know this was…

Wim Wenders: I don't think anybody knew. We shot under the radar.

One possible reason – these are fraught times for the church. Francis has been critical of the Vatican's bloated bureaucracy, and traditionalists have pushed back, accusing him of neglecting his spiritual role. All this plays out amid the church's unrelenting sexual abuse scandals. When Wenders inevitably raised the subject, it brought out a simmering rage.

Wim Wenders: We saw this anger once really very strong. And it was almost physical, it was the way it translated. And that was my question about pedophilia and there he got so worked up. And there was a very angry man speaking into the camera.

Pope Francis (Spanish with English subtitles): Towards pedophilia, zero tolerance! And the Church must punish such priests who have that problem, and bishops must remove from their priestly functions anyone with that disease, that tendency to pedophilia, and that includes to support the legal action by the parents before the civil courts. There is no other way out of this! Zero tolerance, because it's a crime, no, worse! It's leaving them alive, but destroyed.

And yet on this point too, Francis has his critics, who believe he could do more to confront the abuse.

Jon Wertheim: You say he's not a politician, but he has a constituency. Do you think he's influenced by or even aware of public opinion?

Wim Wenders: I can say one thing: he is the most fearless man I ever met.

Jon Wertheim: Fearless?

Wim Wenders: Fearless. And he is not influenced by polls or whatever. I don't think he would ever consider any public opinion over something he means and he's convinced of. He's totally fearless. Because he has a lot of opposition.

Jon Wertheim: Do you think he's aware of that?

Wim Wenders: I think he's totally aware of that.

That fearlessness was on display in the interviews. Wenders could ask any question he thought apt. Imagine asking the pope why God allows children to suffer.

Pope Francis (Spanish with English subtitles): It's a question that we all ask ourselves. And if you ask me why children suffer, the only thing I can say is: "Look at the Child of God on a cross." I don't know what other answer to give you. But let's talk about why God allows it, which is the core of the question. Quite simply, because he created us as persons, and as such: free! God is respectful of freedom. He allowed his son to be killed on the cross. The game of human freedom: God risked a lot here! It would more dishonor man, if God could take away his freedom, than if man, with his freedom, committed a crime.

It's precisely this kind of candor – without dogma—that Wenders found so appealing. A filmmaker for more than 50 years, he says this project gratified him like no other. As for his star, he noticed that Pope Francis projects a quality that even the best actors can't fake: presence — a rare combination of charisma and authenticity. But who knew that the sitting pope could also moonlight as a screenwriter.

Wim Wenders: In the last talk, I had told him, "We don't really have an ending for the film. I need a moment that will close the movie." And he nodded, and he looked. And then we started the interview. And at one moment, I realized now he was on it. He was on it. And I realized it was consciously so, and it was what I had asked. But it came from a very different angle.

Pope Francis (Spanish with English subtitles): An artist is an apostle of beauty, who helps others live. Let's think of all the artists who achieved that. But also all of us! And if you ask me: "Give me an example of beauty, simple everyday beauty, with which we can help others feel better and be happier," two things come to my mind. A smile, and a sense of humor.

And in keeping with that, this shepherd of more than a billion Catholics is happy to let the world in on a small secret.

Pope Francis (Spanish with English subtitles): Here I make a personal confession. Every day, after my morning prayer, I recite Saint Thomas More. His "Prayer for Good Humor." 'Sense of humor.' It starts in a way that makes you laugh. "Give me, oh Lord, a good digestion, but also something to digest." That's it.

Produced by Graham Messick. Associate producers, Jack Weingart and Sabina Castelfranco

© 2018 CBS Interactive Inc. All Rights Reserved.


MORE QUESTIONABLE POLICE CONDUCT TOWARD A BROWN SKINNED MALE. THIS TIME, HE'S ONLY 17 YEARS OLD, AND ASKED THE OFFICERS TO CALL HIS MOTHER. NOW, THAT'S SAD, EVEN IF HE WASN'T HURT. THERE IS NO MORE SPECIFIC INFORMATION ON WHAT EXACTLY HAPPENED, BUT THE POLICE ARE "INVESTIGATING."

https://www.cbsnews.com/news/video-shows-police-officers-punch-teen-wauwatosa-wisconsin-2018-05-13/
CAITLIN O'KANE CBS NEWS May 13, 2018, 4:41 PM
Video shows Wisconsin police officers punch 17-year-old, pin him to ground

Disturbing cellphone video shows the moment police officers fighting with a 17-year-old in a Wisconsin mall parking lot punch the minor in the face. The dramatic video was captured by a fellow mall shopper, who later posted it on social media.

Security guards at Mayfair Mall in Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, called police officers on Friday afternoon for people making a disturbance and refusing to leave, WDJT-TV reports. Officers from the Wauwatosa Police Department responded to the call, and witness video shows two of them in an altercation with the teen.

Within the first few seconds of the video, one officer punches the teen, and the two work together to bring the teen to ground. They appear to cuff his hands behind his back as he lays on his stomach. As the officers pinned the teen to the ground, he could be heard pleading with the officers to call his mother.

"Why'd they punch him like that -- and he's a minor," a witness is heard saying in the background of the cellphone video. The officers are heard yelling at other people to stay back.

The Wauwatosa Police Department said in a statement that the video showed "only a small segment of the interaction between the suspect and the officer" and that they are looking into the incident.

The 17-year-old was arrested and cited for disorderly conduct, battery and resisting an officer, according to local media. He was cited and released, WDJT-TV reports.

The Black Panthers say they're holding police and mall security accountable. The group is demanding the officer be fired and that the department go through diversity training.

"It doesn't matter if that individual was causing a disturbance in the Mayfair Mall, he did not deserve to be brutally assaulted, and punched in his face and knocked down and then placed on his stomach and punched in his face again," Black Panthers Milwaukee leader, King Rick, said.

"Listen. This happened yesterday. You need to give it time. You need to let our department do the investigation. It will be investigated," said shift commander Lt. Jeff Farina. Farina also says the officer involved is still working.

On Friday the Wauwatosa police chief sent a statement saying they take situations that involve use of force seriously. Farina says the chief will be in Monday to respond to the Black Panthers' demands.

© 2018 CBS Interactive Inc. All Rights Reserved.


I HAVE TO AGREE WITH GATES HERE THAT THE LIKELIHOOD OF PEACE BETWEEN THE TWO GROUPS IS VERY SMALL ALREADY. I JUST DON’T SEE THE USEFULNESS OF HAVING THE US EMBASSY IN JERUSALEM, EXCEPT THAT TRUMP WANTS TO SOLIDIFY THE US PROTECTION OF ISRAEL IN A SYMBOLIC WAY. IF ISRAEL TAKES THIS AS A BLANK CHECK TO PREVENT THE ISLAMIC GROUPS FROM FUNCTIONING IN THE LIFE OF THE REGION OR SOMETHING WORSE, THAT WILL BE SHAMEFUL, IN MY VIEW. THE TWO STATE ORGANIZATION AND PEACE BETWEEN ISRAEL AND PALESTINE HAVE BEEN ONE OF MY GREATEST HOPES. HOW CAN ALLOWING THE JEWS FROM THE HOLOCAUST TO HAVE A HOME THERE BECOME NOTHING BUT A BLOODBATH BE A SUCCESS FOR ANYONE? I’M AFRAID THIS WILL BE A PERMANENT SITUATION NO MATTER WHAT WE ON THE OUTSIDE DO.

https://www.cbsnews.com/news/robert-gates-tells-face-the-nation-that-two-state-solution-between-israelis-palestinians-on-life-support/
By EMILY TILLETT CBS NEWS May 13, 2018, 1:46 PM
Robert Gates says 2-state solution between Israelis, Palestinians "on life support"

Former Defense Secretary Robert Gates says that the consequences of the move of the U.S. embassy in Israel from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem are "modest" due to the dwindling likelihood of a two-state solution between the Palestinians and the Israelis. Speaking to CBS News' "Face the Nation," Gates said it remains to be seen if the move could further embolden international tensions, but noted past reluctance in making such a politically fraught change.

"I think that the reluctance always before -- because as has been pointed out, several previous presidents committed to move the embassy to Jerusalem -- I think the hesitation has been, that it would end any prospect of an agreement between the Palestinians and the Israelis," Gates told "Face the Nation" moderator Margaret Brennan.

He added, "I think the prospects of an agreement between those two parties, at this point, is so low that the other consequences of moving the embassy are probably more modest than they -- more manageable than they would have been at any time in the past, mainly because the diplomatic connection to the Israeli-Palestinian issue is less important."

Gates said the prospect of a two-state solution to end the long-simmering conflict is "on life support, barely."

The site of the new U.S. embassy is set to formally open on Monday. Signs across Jerusalem thank President Trump for moving the embassy, a formal recognition of Jerusalem as the capital of Israel. A ceremony on Monday will take place on the 70th anniversary of Israel's founding.

A delegation from the White House will be on hand: Mr. Trump's daughter and adviser Ivanka Trump; her husband and White House adviser Jared Kushner, who previously worked on behalf of the administration to improve Israeli-Palestinian ties; Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin; U.S. Ambassador to Israel David Friedman and White House aide Jason Greenblatt.

Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-South Carolina, will be leading the congressional delegation to the embassy's opening. Asked by Brennan on "Face the Nation" if the two-state solution was dead, Graham replied: "No, because it can't be."

"If you had one state that was Jewish in nature, eventually you'd have to have some kind of apartheid where Arabs and Palestinians couldn't vote. Two states means a Jewish state with an Arab component, a Palestinian state living in dignity side-by-side with Israel," Graham said. "The problem is, the Palestinians are divided. You have Hamas controlling Gaza, Palestinian Authority controlling the West Bank, Gaza is a rocket-launching factory against Israel. Until the Palestinians reconcile under one flag, there will never be peace."

Graham will be joined by Sens. Ted Cruz, Mike Lee and Dean Heller at Monday's embassy opening in Jerusalem.

© 2018 CBS Interactive Inc. All Rights Reserved.



LIE, LIE, AND LIE, AND IF YOU CAN’T DO THAT, EQUIVOCATE!

http://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/trump-spokesman-says-he-doesn%e2%80%99t-know-if-aide-made-mccain-comment-she-apologized-for/ar-AAxcwY4?li=BBnb7Kz&ocid=iehp
Trump spokesman says he doesn’t 'know' if aide made McCain comment she apologized for
Avery Anapol 3 hrs ago – May 13, 2018

PHOTOGRAPH -- © Andrew Harnik White House deputy press secretary Hogan Gidley departs following the daily briefing in the Brady Press Briefing Room of the White House, Friday, Oct. 20, 2017, in Washington.

After dozens of calls for an official apology, the White House is still dodging questions over a comment made by one of its staffers.

White House spokesman Hogan Gidley on Sunday refused to comment directly on special assistant Kelly Sadler mocking Sen. John McCain's (R-Ariz.) brain cancer.

Gidley, who was confronted about the comment on "Fox & Friends," said he was not present at the meeting, and therefore he does not know "if the comment was even made."

"Look, I wasn't in the meeting, I didn't hear the comment," he said when asked if he thought the comment was "kind."

Host Ed Henry shot back, "You've heard the comment now, was it kind?"

"I don't know if the comment was even made or not," Gidley responded. "I wasn't in the meeting."

The Hill reported last week that Sadler dismissed McCain's opposition to President Trump's CIA nominee Gina Haspel, saying that his opinion doesn't matter because he's "dying anyway."

Sadler has since called the senator's daughter, Meghan McCain, to apologize for the comment about her father - an apology Henry made note of.

PHOTOGRAPH -- a close up of John McCain© Provided by The Hill

Fox News's Abby Hunstman then pressed Gidley on why the White House would not "just come out and apologize" for the comment.

"All I can say is we don't comment on internal private meetings in the White House, but look if she called Meghan McCain, if that's been confirmed to some degree, that's up to Kelly Sadler herself and the McCain family," Gidley said.



WHO IS HOGAN GIDLEY AND WHAT ARE HIS CREDENTIALS? HIS CREDENTIALS LOOK OKAY EXCEPT THAT ALL OF HIS BACKGROUND STUDIES AND WORK CAME FROM ARKANSAS AND MISSISSIPPI (AS DID BILL CLINTON PERSONALLY, BUT NOT HIS EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND.)

THE WORST PROBLEM, THOUGH, IS THAT THREE OF THE DISTURBING TRUMP CAMP QUOTATIONS FROM THIS LAST YEAR OR TWO COME FROM GIDLEY. HIS FORMER EMPLOYER RICK SANTORUM’S COMMENT RECENTLY IS IN THE SAME CLASS. IT WAS A QUICK AND EASY SARCASTIC QUIP, WAS AIMED TOWARD THE STUDENT SURVIVORS OF THE SCHOOL SHOOTINGS, SAYING THAT INSTEAD OF ADVOCATING STRONGLY AND PUBLICLY FOR GUN CONTROL, THEY SHOULD “LEARN CPR.” ANYBODY WHO THINKS ABOUT IT WILL KNOW THAT ONE OR MORE GUNSHOT WOUNDS WILL PROBABLY NOT BE REMEDIED BY CPR. HE NEEDS TO GO BACK TO HIS BOY SCOUT FIRST AID COURSE.

IN THIS 2018 NEWS INTERVIEW – A DEFENSIVE STATEMENT –SANTORUM “EXPLAINS” WHAT HE MEANT BY THAT. READ THE SANTORUM ARTICLE HERE: https://www.cnn.com/2018/03/28/politics/rick-santorum-cpr-gun-control-chris-cuomo-new-day-cnntv/index.html

IT IS MY OBSERVATION THAT THE SMART ALEK COMMENT, SO SATISFYING AT THE TIME AND SEEMINGLY EFFECTIVE AT THE MOMENT DUE TO ITS’ HURTFUL NATURE, RARELY EVEN TOUCHES THE CENTER OF THE MATTER, AND IS MUCH LESS USEFUL FOR MAKING A REASONABLE CONTRIBUTION TO A DISCUSSION THAN IS A THOUGHTFUL REPLY. FLIPPANCY IS NEVER GOOD. IT JUST SHOWS US TO BE PEOPLE WHO HAVE NOT MATURED EMOTIONALLY BEYOND OUR TEENAGE YEARS.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hogan_Gidley
Hogan Gidley
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

John Hogan Gidley is an American Republican political aide currently serving as White House Deputy Press Secretary in the administration of U.S. President Donald Trump.

Early life and career[edit]

Gidley was born in Arkansas.[1] He graduated from the University of Mississippi with a degree in broadcast journalism and a minor in political science in 1998.[1]

Gidley served as the director of Huck PAC.[2] His past activities include director of media operations for Arkansas Governor Mike Huckabee, Executive Director of the South Carolina Republican Party, Press Secretary to the David Beasley for Senate campaign, the Karen Floyd for Superintendent of Education campaign, and U.S. Senator Elizabeth Dole's campaign committee. He was most recently the director of communications for the 2012 presidential campaign of Rick Santorum.

Trump administration[edit]

The Trump administration announced on October 10, 2017 that Gidley would serve as Deputy Press Secretary, and he started his job at the White House the day after.[3][4]

In February 2018, Gidley said that Trump was speaking "tongue in cheek" when Trump said that it was "treasonous" for Democrats not to applaud him during the State of the Union address.[5] Later that February, after the Special Counsel Mueller's investigation led to the indictments of a number of Russians for election interference, Gidley said that Democrats and the media had done more to create "chaos" in the United States than the Russian government.[6]



“IN DAYS OF YORE” USUALLY BRINGS TO MIND MAYBE 200 YEARS AGO. LONDON, THOUGH, GOES BACK TO JULIUS AND AUGUSTUS CAESAR. THIS IS A GREAT ARTICLE. READ IT AND PRETEND YOU ARE THERE.

https://www.cbsnews.com/news/london-a-history-lesson/
CBS NEWS May 13, 2018, 8:39 AM
London: A history lesson

Jane Pauley offers a London history lesson, from the beginning:

For centuries London was the center of the vast British Empire, but there was a time when it was a mere outpost on the fringes of another.

Nowhere is that more evident than a wall, just within sight of the Tower of London, which marks the boundary of the city's first Roman settlement nearly 2,000 years ago.

PHOTOGRAPH -- Remains of a Roman settlement in what was then called Londinium, c. 43 AD. CBS NEWS

"Londinium," as the Romans called it, was a trading post. With trade came wealth. But as the Roman Empire began to recede, so did London's fortunes.

The first Anglo-Saxons slipped into the region in the 6th century, under the cover of the Dark Ages, though not until after the Norman invasion of Britain in 1066 would the city become both an economic and political powerhouse.

Which brings us to the Tower of London, site of the great Norman keep, built on the orders of William the Conquerer.

history-of-london-tower-of-london-aerial-view-620.jpg
The Tower of London. CBS NEWS
"It signified to all London, 'The Normans are here, we're going to rule you and we are the boss,'" said Yeoman Sergeant Bob Loughlin.

"This was shock-and-awe?" asked Pauley.

"Yes, it was."


The Tower would figure prominently in the city's history, serving as a palace, a zoo ("For food every day we tried to feed the elephants loaves of bread, raw meat and buns," said Loughlin), an armory, and a treasure chest for the crown jewels.

The Beefeaters' private club
Play VIDEO
The Beefeaters' private club
But the Tower of London is probably best known as a prison. Two wives of Henry VIII, Anne Boyelyn and Catherine Howard, lost their heads there.

"The prisoner would be brought up onto the scaffold, given a chance to speak and then, generally, pay the executioner as well," said Loughlin – to ensure the executioner did a good, "clean" job.

Executioners weren't the only ones looking for a cut of London's prosperity … and by 1600, the city's population began to swell. It was the age of discovery, science and literature.

But the 17th century also proved to be a time of great turmoil. In 1665 a catastrophic plague would afflict London. And if that wasn't enough, a year later, a great fire engulfed the city.

"The fire starts about one in the morning, in the middle of the night when everyone's asleep. So, it gets hold before much can be done about it," said Meriel Jeater, a curator at the Museum of London. "Even though it burned down a quarter of London, the fire spread slowly enough that people could escape."

history-of-london-great-fire-of-1666-620.jpg
The Great Fire of London in 1666. More than 13,000 houses and 87 churches were destroyed. CBS NEWS

It would take about 50 years to rebuild the city.

London may not be on the sea, but in the 18th and 19th centuries it ruled the waves as the capital of an "empire on which the sun never sets."

Queen Victoria and capitalism reigned, and as the result of empire and the Industrial Revolution, "You've got factories with machines actually making things, and a growing middle class who was able to purchase them," said Jaeter.

There were more than six million Londoners at the dawn of the 20th century, and a bright future awaited the world's largest and wealthiest city.

Then came the First and Second World Wars.

history-of-london-keep-calm-and-carry-on-660.jpg
During the Blitz of World War II, Londoners kept calm and carried on. CBS NEWS

During the Nazi blitz of 1940 and '41, London was under constant bombardment, but its citizens remained calm and carried on, buoyed by the oratory of Winston Churchill. "Out of this time of trial and tribulation will be born a new freedom and glory for all mankind," he said.

Britain would emerge victorious, but exhausted, and its age of empire faded beneath history's horizon.

London, though scarred, remained a beacon for those seeking opportunity. In the 1950s and '60s, a new wave of immigrants would change the face of the city.

Four lads from Liverpool would also come to call it home – and once again exert British influence across the seas.

Today, London maintains its vibrancy as an international capital of commerce … as a center of culture … and as one of the most cosmopolitan cities under the sun.

history-of-london-millennium-bridge-620.jpg
Millennium Bridge, a pedestrian walkway across the Thames, was opened in 2000. CBS NEWS

Don't miss our special broadcast, "A Sunday Morning in London," hosted by Jane Pauley, on CBS May 13!


For more info:

Tower of London
Follow @TowerOfLondon on Twitter and Facebook
Museum of London
Follow @MuseumofLondon on Twitter, Facebook, Instagram and YouTube

Story produced by Gavin Boyle.

© 2018 CBS Interactive Inc. All Rights Reserved.



AND HERE IS ANOTHER GREAT LONDON STORY -- THE DECLINE OF PUBS IN ENGLAND IS BROUGHT TO A HALT IN THIS ONE CASE.

https://www.cbsnews.com/news/last-call-fighting-to-save-britains-endangered-pubs/
CBS NEWS May 13, 2018, 9:38 AM
Last call? Fighting to save Britain's endangered pubs

SEE NEWS VIDEO AS WELL.

It was "last call" for a 150-year-old pub when a developer wanted announced plans to convert it into apartments – then the community took action, as Roxana Saberi explains:

In the village of South Stoke, outside Bath, the Packhorse pub has served the community for 150 years.

Brian Perkins and the pub go way back – he was born there, 87 years ago. "That's right. In the room upstairs above the lounge here," he told Saberi.

But six years ago, he and the town got some bad news – the pub was going to be closed. "Well, I was disappointed, obviously," Pekins said. "I didn't think in my lifetime I'd see it open again. We thought, 'Well, that's it. That's the end of the line.'"

For more and more pubs across Britain, it's last call.

"The decline in pubs has been very dramatic," said Pete Brown, who has written more than half a dozen books on pubs and beer. "There's no getting away from that. In the last 10 years alone, we've lost 10,000 pubs. We used to have about 65,000; we're getting to a point we now have 50,000."

pubs-life-620.jpg
The life of a neighborhood pub. CBS NEWS
He says there's a lot at stake here: "I think pubs are an essential factor of British life. I think it defines what being British is, to some extent."

He welcomed Saberi to the George Inn, in South London. "The building we're in now was built in 1677, which is pretty impressive," he said.

For centuries, pubs have been a place to mingle … to read a book … and these days, to take the kids.

"The British have a famous reserve when it comes to being sociable," Brown said. "And everything about the pub is micro-engineered to break down those social barriers and to enable people to talk to each other."

Roxy Beaujolais has presided over her pub, the Seven Stars in London, for 20 years.

"Inn-keeping is a nurturing career," she explained. "Cooking and providing vittles and drink for people of good quality is, you know, a great pleasure. It's a great pleasure if they appreciate it!"

And her regulars do.

When asked what he likes about the Seven Stars, Owen replied, "Well, it hasn't changed!"

But if pubs aren't changing, Britain is. Brown pointed to changing social habits: "People drinking less generally. Really steep hikes in taxation. The smoking ban in 2007."

To this brew add real estate. Pub buildings are getting carved up into apartments.

pubs-for-lease-sign-620.jpg
A sign of the times for many of England's pubs. CBS NEWS

That's the fate the Packhorse faced. When a developer announced his plans, the residents were stunned.

"So, it was almost the metaphorical pitchfork rebellion," said Dom Moorhouse. "Posters went up all over the village essentially trying to be as loud as possible to say, 'This just can't happen.'"

Thanks to Moorhouse and others, it didn't. Here in England, if a pub is declared an "asset of community value," patrons are given time to bid on the property.

Moorhouse said, "We were given three months to raise over half a million pounds." And they did.

Saberi asked, "So, this pub is so important to the community that it actually bought it back?"

"Absolutely. I mean, it's a really unique story. We have now over 430 shareholders, and not only did we raise the half million-plus pounds for the building, we had to raise another equivalent sum of money just to refurbish it."

And in March the Packhorse reopened. Brian Perkins poured the first pint.

When Saberi visited, the new owners – and their kids – were savoring their investment.

Saberi asked the children, "Do you guys wanna work here one day?"

"Yeah!" they answered.

When asked what they wanted to do, one replied, "Anything but the washing up!"

No one in Britain expects all pubs to disappear, and the Packhorse might just provide a glimpse of their future.

As Brian Perkins told Saberi, "I would imagine a lot of people think, 'Well, if they can do it in South Stoke, we should be able to.' You can do anything if you try, can't you?"

pubs-pints-620.jpg
Another round! CBS NEWS
For more info:

petebrown.net
"Miracle Brew: Hops, Barley, Water, Yeast and the Nature of Beer" by Pete Brown (Chelsea Green), available via Amazon
The George Inn, Southwark, London
The Packhorse, South Stoke, Bath
The Seven Stars, London
The Churchill Arms, Kensington


Story produced by Reid Orvedahl.

© 2018 CBS Interactive Inc. All Rights Reserved.



“CAL BP” MEANS WHAT? THIS CAME UP IN ONE OF THE “SCIENCENORDIC” ARTICLES ON ANCIENT REMAINS FROM YESTERDAY. FOR ALL THOSE PESKY SCIENTIFIC DEFINITIONS AND CONCEPTS, I FOUND ANOTHER GOOD WEBSITE JUST NOW IN SEARCHING THIS ONE TERM. IT’S FROM “THOUGHTCO.COM” AND DEALS WITH THE MULTIPLICITY OF NEW WORDS, IDEAS, DISCOVERIES, ETC. THAT EMERGE DAILY IN THE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY. SO MANY PEOPLE WANT TO BELIEVE THAT ALL WE HAVE TO DO TO “GET AN EDUCATION” IS TO ATTEND A FOUR-YEAR COLLEGE ALL THE WAY THROUGH TO THE END AND THEN SIT DOWN ON THE COUCH AND GO BACK TO OUR SOAP OPERAS. NO. THAT JUST WON’T WORK.

THAT DOESN’T MEAN THAT WE CAN’T LEARN SCIENTIFIC TERMS AND IDEAS, OR THAT THEY’RE “JUST TOO DIFFICULT;” BUT SIMPLY THAT WE NEED TO START AT THE BEGINNING AND ACCUMULATE THEM, ONE AT A TIME. REMEMBER TO LOOK AT THE NEW TERM IN DETAIL AND NOT IN A TERRIBLE RUSH BEFORE YOU GO ON, WHILE PAYING ATTENTION ALSO TO THE RELATED ISSUES WHICH – WHETHER THEY WILL BE ASKED ON THE TEST” OR NOT -- WILL PROVIDE A LOGICAL FRAMEWORK FOR NEW THINGS TO GO INTO. INFORMATION WHICH IS EXAMINED IN THAT WAY WILL TEND TO STICK WITH US LONGER WITHOUT THE NECESSITY TO MEMORIZE EVERYTHING.

ANOTHER SIMPLE AND HELPFUL THING TO DO IS TO FORM A HABIT OF LOOKING UP EVERY QUESTION YOU HAVE, FROM NEW OR ODDLY USED WORDS TO HISTORY TO IDEAS, AND THE PLACE I START IS GOOGLE. ESPECIALLY PAY ATTENTION TO WIKIPEDIA ALSO, BECAUSE IT INCLUDES LINKED SEARCH WORDS IN EACH ARTICLE, AND SIMPLY CLICKING ON THE BLUE-COLORED LINKS WILL BRING YOU TO EVEN MORE INFO THAN YOU WILL PROBABLY NEED ON THAT AND OTHER RELATED SUBJECTS AS WELL. WHAT, YOU DON’T HAVE GOOGLE CHROME? BETTER LOOK INTO THAT. SO, LET’S PROCEED TO “CAL BP.”

https://www.thoughtco.com/archaeological-dating-cal-bp-meaning-3971061
Science, Tech, Math › Social Sciences
What Does cal BP Mean?
Accounting for Atmospheric Wiggles in Radiocarbon Dating
by K. Kris Hirst
Updated October 23, 2017

PHOTOGRAPH -- Curator Geoffrey Hargreaves inspects core samples from the Greenland ice sheet. They are stored in a freezer at -33F. The cores are vital to understanding changes in atmospheric carbon levels in the past. �� Roger Ressmeyer/Corbis/VCG / Getty Images

The scientific term "cal BP" is the abbreviation for "calibrated years before the present" or "calendar years before the present" and what that is references the fact that archaeologists have discovered wiggles in the radiocarbon curve which produces usable dating. Adjustments to that curve to correct for the wiggles ("wiggles" really is the scientific term used by the researchers) to are called calibrations.

The designations cal BP, cal BCE, and cal CE (as well as cal BC and cal AD) all signify that the radiocarbon date mentioned has been calibrated to account for those wiggles; dates which have not be adjusted are designated as RCYBP " radiocarbon years before the present."

Radiocarbon dating is one of the best known archaeological dating tools available to scientists, and most people have at least heard of it. But there are a lot of misconceptions about how radiocarbon works and how reliable a technique it is; this article will attempt to clear them up.

How Does Radiocarbon Work?
All living things exchange the gas Carbon 14 (abbreviated C14, 14C and most often 14C) with the atmosphere around them—animals and plants exchange Carbon 14 with the atmosphere, fish and corals exchange carbon with dissolved 14C in the water. Throughout the life of an animal or plant, the amount of 14C is perfectly balanced with that of its surroundings.

When an organism dies, that equilibrium is broken. The 14C in a dead organism slowly decays at a known rate: its "half-life."

The half-life of an isotope like 14C is the time it takes for half of it to decay away: in 14C, every 5,730 years, half of it is gone. So, if you measure the amount of 14C in a dead organism, you can figure out how long ago it stopped exchanging carbon with its atmosphere.


Given relatively pristine circumstances, a radiocarbon lab can measure the amount of radiocarbon accurately in a dead organism for up to 50,000 years ago; after that, there's not enough 14C left to measure.

Wiggles and Tree Rings
There is a problem, however. Carbon in the atmosphere fluctuates, with the strength of the earth's magnetic field and solar activity, not to mention what humans have thrown into it. You have to know what the atmospheric carbon level (the radiocarbon 'reservoir') was like at the time of an organism's death, in order to be able to calculate how much time has passed since the organism died. What you need is a ruler, a reliable map to the reservoir: in other words, an organic set of objects that track annual atmospheric carbon content, one that you can securely pin a date on, measure its 14C content and thus establish the baseline reservoir in a given year.

Fortunately, we do have a set of organic objects that keep a record of the carbon in the atmosphere on a yearly basis— trees. Trees maintain and record carbon 14 equilibrium in their growth rings—and some of those trees produce a ring for every year they are alive; the study of dendrochronology, also known as tree-ring dating, is based on that fact of nature.

Although we don't have any 50,000-year-old trees, we do have overlapping tree ring sets dating (so far) back to 12,594 years. So, in other words, we have a pretty solid way to calibrate raw radiocarbon dates for the most recent 12,594 years of our planet's past.

But before that, only fragmentary data is available, making it very difficult to definitively date anything older than 13,000 years. Reliable estimates are possible, but with large +/- factors.

The Search for Calibrations
As you might imagine, scientists have been attempting to discover organic objects that can be dated securely pretty steadily for the past fifty years. Other organic datasets looked at have included varves, which are layers of sedimentary rock which were laid down annually and contain organic materials; deep ocean corals, speleothems (cave deposits) and volcanic tephras; but there are problems with each of these methods.

Cave deposits and varves have the potential to include old soil carbon, and there are as-yet unresolved issues with fluctuating amounts of 14C in ocean currents.

A coalition of researchers led by Paula J. Reimer of the CHRONO Centre for Climate, the Environment and Chronology, School of Geography, Archaeology and Paleoecology, Queen's University Belfast and publishing in the journal Radiocarbon, has been working on this problem for the last couple of decades, developing a software program that uses an ever-increasingly large dataset to calibrate dates. The latest is IntCal13, which combines and reinforces data from tree-rings, ice-cores, tephra, corals, speleothems, and most recently, data from the sediments in Lake Suigetsu, Japan, to come up with a significantly improved calibration set for c14 dates between 12,000 and 50,000 years ago.

Lake Suigetsu, Japan
In 2012, a lake in Japan was reported to have the potential to further finetune radiocarbon dating. Lake Suigetsu's annually formed sediments hold detailed information about environmental changes over the past 50,000 years, which radiocarbon specialist PJ Reimer says are as good as, and perhaps better than, the Greenland Ice Cores.

Researchers Bronk-Ramsay et al. reported 808 AMS dates based on sediment varves measured by three different radiocarbon laboratories. The dates and corresponding environmental changes promise to make direct correlations between other key climate records, allowing researchers such as Reimer to finely calibrate radiocarbon dates between 12,500 to the practical limit of the c14 dating of 52,800.

Answers and More Questions
There are many questions that archaeologists would like answered that fall into the 12,000-50,000 year period. Among them are:

When were our oldest domesticate relationships established (dogs and rice)?
When did the Neanderthals die out?
When did humans arrive in the Americas?
Most importantly, for today's researchers, will be the ability to study in more precise detail the impacts of previous climate change.
Reimer and colleagues point out that this is just the latest in calibration sets, and further refinements are to be expected. For example, they've discovered evidence that during the Younger Dryas (12,550–12,900 cal BP), there was a shutdown or at least a steep reduction of the North Atlantic Deep Water formation, which was surely a reflection of climate change; they had to throw out data for that period from the North Atlantic and use a different dataset.

For Sources: GO TO WEBSITE.



LibriVox IS ANOTHER NEWLY FOUND USEFUL WEBSITE. IT CONSISTS OF BOOKS OR PARTS OF BOOKS WHICH ARE READ, BY VOLUNTEERS, ON SCHOLARLY OR OTHERWISE INTERESTING SUBJECTS. I LIKE THIS BECAUSE I USUALLY HAVE TROUBLE DROPPING OFF TO SLEEP AT NIGHT, BUT SOMETHING INTERESTING, INFORMATIONAL AND NOT EMOTIONAL CAN PUT ME RIGHT TO THE EDGE OF SLEEP. I USE DOCUMENTARY VIDEOS. THIS IS MY MOST RECENT DISCOVERY.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LibriVox
LibriVox
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

LibriVox is a group of worldwide volunteers who read and record public domain texts creating free public domain audiobooks for download from their website and other digital library hosting sites on the internet. It was founded in 2005 by Hugh McGuire to provide "Acoustical liberation of books in the public domain"[1] and the LibriVox objective is "To make all books in the public domain available, for free, in audio format on the internet".[2]

By the end of 2017, LibriVox had a catalog of over 12,000 works and from 2009–2017 was producing about 1,000 per year.[3] Most releases are in the English language, but many non-English works are also available. There are multiple affiliated projects that are providing additional content. LibriVox is closely affiliated with Project Gutenberg from where the project gets some of its texts, and the Internet Archive that hosts their offerings.


History

Hugh McGuire, founder of LibriVox
“ Can the net harness a bunch of volunteers to help bring books in the public domain to life through podcasting? ”
— Hugh McGuire

LibriVox was started in August 2005 by Montreal-based writer Hugh McGuire, who set up a blog, and posed the question.[4][5] The first recorded book[6] was The Secret Agent by Joseph Conrad.

The main features of the way LibriVox works have changed little since its inception, although the technology that supports it has been improved by the efforts of its volunteers with web-development skills.

Etymology of LibriVox

LibriVox is an invented word inspired by Latin words liber (book) in its genitive form libri and vox (voice), giving the meaning BookVoice (or voice of the book). The word was also coined because of other connotations: liber also means child and free, independent, unrestricted. As the LibriVox forum says: "We like to think LibriVox might be interpreted as 'child of the voice', and 'free voice'. Finally, the other link we like is 'library' so you could imagine it to mean Library of Voice."[7]

There has been no decision or consensus by LibriVox founders or the community of volunteers for a single pronunciation of LibriVox. It is accepted that any audible pronunciation is accurate.[8]

Organization and funding
LibriVox is a volunteer-run, free content, Public Domain project. It has no budget or legal personality. The development of projects is managed through an Internet forum, supported by an admin team, who also maintain a searchable catalogue database of completed works.

In early 2010, LibriVox ran a fundraising drive to raise $20,000 to cover hosting costs for the website of about $5,000/year and improve front- and backend usability.[9] The target was reached in 13 days, and so the fundraising ended and LibriVox suggested that supporters consider making donations to its affiliates and partners, Project Gutenberg [10] and the Internet Archive.[11]

Production process
Volunteers can choose new projects to start, either recording on their own or inviting others to join them, or they can contribute to projects that have been started by others. Once a volunteer has recorded his or her contribution, it is uploaded to the site, and proof-listened by members of the LibriVox community.

Finished audiobooks are available from the LibriVox website, and MP3 and Ogg Vorbis files are hosted separately by the Internet Archive. Recordings are also available through other means, such as iTunes, and, being free of copyright, they are frequently distributed independently of LibriVox on the Internet and otherwise.

Content

LibriVox works per month 2005–2011
LibriVox only records material that is in the public domain in the United States, and all LibriVox books are released with a public domain dedication. Because of copyright restrictions, LibriVox produces recordings of only a limited number of contemporary books. These have included, for example, the 9/11 Commission Report.

The LibriVox catalogue is varied. It contains much popular classic fiction, but also includes less predictable texts, such as Immanuel Kant's Critique of Pure Reason and a recording of the first 500 digits of pi. The collection also features poetry, plays, religious texts (for example, English versions of the Koran and books from various translations of the Bible) and non-fiction of various kinds. In January 2009, the catalogue contained approximately 55 percent fiction and drama, 25 percent non-fiction and 20 percent poetry (calculated by numbers of recordings). By April 2018, the most viewed item (5.3 M) was The Adventures of Tom Sawyer in a 2006 solo recording by John Greenman.[12]

Around 90 percent of the catalogue is recorded in English, but recordings exist in 31 languages altogether (as of February 2010). Chinese, French and German are the most popular languages other than English amongst volunteers, but recordings have also been made in languages including Urdu and Tagalog.

Reputation
LibriVox has garnered significant interest, in particular from those interested in the promotion of volunteer-led content and alternative approaches to copyright ownership on the Internet.

It has received support from the Internet Archive and Project Gutenberg. Intellectual freedom and commons proponent Mike Linksvayer described it in 2008 as "perhaps the most interesting collaborative culture project this side of Wikipedia".[13]

The project has also been featured in press around the world and has been recommended by the BBC's Click, MSNBC's The Today Show, Reason,[14] Wired,[15] the US PC Magazine and the UK Metro and Sunday Times[16] newspapers.

Quality
A frequent concern of listeners is the site's policy of allowing any recording to be published as long as it is understandable and faithful to the source text.[17] This means that some recordings are of lower audio fidelity; some feature background noises, non-native accents or other perceived imperfections in comparison to professionally recorded audiobooks.[18][19] While some listeners may object to those books with chapters read by multiple readers,[20] others find this to be a non-issue or even a feature;[21][22][23]. Many books are narrated by a single reader.

See also
Virtual volunteering
Voice acting


BAGPIPING SEASON

https://www.cbsnews.com/news/bagpipes-and-kilts-scottish-traditions-that-never-go-out-of-style/
CBS NEWS May 13, 2018, 10:04 AM
Bagpipes and kilts: Scottish traditions that never go out of style

The musical instrument and uniform, devised as instruments of war centuries ago, are today considered the epitome of cool. Jonathan Vigliotti reports:

Every spring, when Scotland thaws and roars back to life, another seasonal tune-up begins.

May marks the start of bagpiping season. (Yes, bagpipers hibernate, too.)

The city of Glasgow's police band is practicing for a summer of competition; and in Edinburgh, the famous castle will soon host hundreds of kilted pipers for the annual military parade, the Royal Edinburgh Military Tattoo.

bagpipes-and-kilts-royal-edinburgh-military-tattoo-620.jpg
More than 250 pipers and drummers performed in last year's Royal Edinburgh Military Tattoo. ROYAL EDINBURGH MILITARY TATTOO

The bagpipe and kilt were both instruments of war dating back centuries. The kilt was used as a uniform, and pipers' haunting cries routinely played troops into battle, until after WWI, when more than 500 pipers were killed.

"It's an unusual battle cry," said Vigliotti.

"It is, but intimidating; otherwise they never would have done it," said piper Craig Munro.

He says that intimidating sound comes from air compressed through three pipes, giving this woodwind instrument more punch than a church organ.

Today, bagpipes appear in everything from weddings and funerals, to tribute bands like the Red Hot Chilli Pipers, in which Munro plays.

bagpipes-and-kilts-red-hot-chili-pipers-620.jpg
The "bagrock" band Red Hot Chilli Pipers has recorded such tunes as "We Will Rock You," "Chasing Cars," and "Don't Stop Believing." RED HOT CHILLI PIPERS

Vigliotti asked, "Do you ever get people that come up to you and say, 'I'm surprised at how cool bagpiping is'?"

"The public perception is an old man in a kilt with a grey beard, and that's very much changed now, it really has," Munro said.

When he's not playing the bagpipes, Munro's making them. Blocks of rare Tanzanian black wood are shaped, then drilled.

bagpipes-and-kilts-fashioning-bagpipes-620.jpg
Fashioning the pipes. CBS NEWS
The final step is carefully adding decorative details by hand before assembling … and testing.

bagpipes-and-kilts-bagpipe-maker-craig-munro-and-jonathan-vigliotti-promo.jpg
Jonathan Vigliotti tests out one of Craig Munro's bagpipes. CBS NEWS
Vigliotti gave his all blowing into the pipe."That's hard work," he said. "I need to sit down now!"

Bagpipe business has been booming, and Munro traces it back to 1995, when the movie "Braveheart" ignited interest in all things Scottish.

And that's when kilt maker Robert Mathieson says his business expanded, too.

The traditional kilt is made using eight yards of fabric!

Today's style is only slightly modified from those used on old battlefields. "In those days, it was one piece of cloth, wrapped around your waist and over your shoulder," Mathieson said. "They would sleep in a kilt as well. It could be turned into a sleeping bag."

Each "sleeping bag" came in 25 distinct tartans – plaids – representing different clans.

Today, thousands of patterns are produced in factories around Scotland. Demand comes from all over the world.

bagpipes-and-kilts-tartan-plaid-pattern-620.jpg
A tartan pattern on the loom. CBS NEWS
Mathieson said, "It wasn't cool to wear a kilt when I was learning the bagpipes."

"You'd get made fun of?"

"Absolutely, yeah. Nowadays it's become very cool."

"Why has it become so fashionable?" asked Vigliotti.

"I think young people are interested in their identity."

gerard-butler-alexander-mcqueen-show-promo.jpg
Left: Gerard Butler at a Glasgow premiere. Right: A model at the Alexander McQueen Fall 2014 menswear show. CBS NEWS

That identity has been adopted on red carpets and runways.

Vigliotti asked an age-old question: "Do you wear underwear or not?"

Mathieson replied, "If you're renting from us, you wear underwear!"

It is a personal preference. For Mathieson, the future is for men to get rid of trousers altogether.

Everyone walking down the street in a kilt? "Absolutely," he said. "It would be good for business!"

A business that, along with bagpipes, marches on. It turns out tradition never goes out of style.


For more info:

pipermckay.com
Wallace Bagpipes, Paisley, Scotland
The Kilt Centre, Hamilton, Scotland
Loch Carron of Scotland Fabrics, Selkirk, Scotland
Glasgow Police Pipe Band
Red Hot Chilli Pipers
Royal Edinburgh Military Tattoo (August 3-25) | Ticket information

Story produced by Jane Whitfield.

© 2018 CBS Interactive Inc. All Rights Reserved.